PENALTY KICK DEFINED
The penalty kick is a ceremonial restart which is awarded when the defending team commits a penal foul within its own penalty area. There is no requirement as to the severity or seriousness of the foul, the score of the game, the amount of time remaining in the period of play, the direction play was moving, the likelihood of a goal being scored, or any factor other than the commission of the foul, itself inside the defender's penalty area. Referees are reminded that it is the location of the foul, not the position of the ball, which determines whether a penalty kick is the correct restart.

PLACEMENT OF THE BALL
The ball must be placed correctly at the penalty mark, regardless of the state of the pitch at this location. Moving the ball elsewhere, even with the apparent agreement of the players, is not permitted.

WHEN THE PENALTY KICK MAY BE TAKEN
The referee will not signal for the penalty kick to be taken until and unless the goalkeeper is on the goal line between the goal posts and facing the field, the attacking player taking the penalty kick is clearly identified to the referee and the goalkeeper, and all players other than the kicker and goalkeeper are outside the penalty area, outside the penalty arc, and not nearer the goal line and the penalty mark. If the penalty kick is taken before the referee signals, the kicker should be warned and, upon repetition, cautioned for unsporting behavior. The kick must be re-taken.

GOALKEEPER MOVEMENT
Once the referee signals for the penalty kick, the goalkeeper may move from side to side on the goal line, but may not move off the goal line (into the field or backward) until the ball has been kicked. The requirement to be "on the goal line" is met even if one or both of the goalkeeper's feet are not physically touching the ground, so long as the goalkeeper has not moved forward or backward from the plane of the goal line.

RE-TAKING THE PENALTY KICK
If a penalty kick is ordered re-taken, it is not necessary for the same player to perform the restart.

KICKING THE BALL FORWARD TO A TEAMMATE
The identified kicker may play the ball forward for a teammate, who was properly positioned at the time the kick occurred, to run forward and play the ball.

BALL BURSTS/OUTSIDE INTERFERENCE DURING A PENALTY KICK
If, after the kick has been taken, the ball is stopped or interfered with by an outside agent, or if it bursts on its way toward the goal, the kick shall be re-taken. (This includes a ball that bursts upon hitting the goal post or cross bar and continues into goal.) However, if the ball bursts or the interference occurs after the ball rebounds from a goal post, cross bar, or goalkeeper, the penalty kick will be deemed to have been taken and the normal restart in such circumstances (dropped ball) will apply.

PENALTY KICKS AT THE END OF THE PERIOD
Penalty kicks, once awarded, are taken regardless of the amount of time remaining in the quarter. If time expires or will expire before the restart can occur, the referee should announce this fact and indicate clearly that the penalty kick is now being taken "in extended time." No player other than the goalkeeper can participate in play after the penalty kick is taken. In case of an "extended time" penalty kick, the goalkeeper may be replaced, if necessary, by a substitute, or he may be replaced by an eligible player on the field. All players must remain on the field until the penalty kick has been completed. The referee has no authority to make the players leave the field or the vicinity of the penalty area for the taking of a penalty kick in extended time.

INFRINGEMENTS OF LAW XIV
Infringements of Law XIV may occur either before the ball is in play or after the penalty kick has been taken.

Infringements before the ball is in play may be committed by the kicker, the goalkeeper, or by their teammates. In all such cases, the referee should let the kick proceed and deal with the infringement in accordance with the chart below, which outlines the proper restarts for clear infringements of Law XIV.

Infringements after the penalty kick has been taken may be committed by the kicker or by an outside agent.

· If the kicker touches the ball a second time (except with his hands) before it has been touched by another player, and indirect free kick is awarded to the opponents (subject to the special circumstances of Law VIII). If the ball is deliberately handled by any player, including the kicker (and other than the goalkeeper in his own penalty area), this is treated as a violation of Law XII.

· If an outside agent touches the ball as it moves forward, the kick is re-taken. If the ball rebounds into the field of play from the goalkeeper, the cross bar or the goal posts, and is then touched by an outside agent, the referee stops play and restarts with a dropped ball at the place where it touched the outside agent (keeping in mind the special circumstances described in Law VIII).

CAUTIONING FOR SUBSEQUENT INFRINGEMENTS OF LAW XIV
If any requirement of Law XIV is infringed after the referee signals for the kick, the referee should warn the player committing the violation and, upon a repetition (then or subsequently), caution him for persistent infringement of the Laws of the Game. Such infringements include moving into the penalty area or the penalty arc, moving nearer the goal line than the penalty mark, having the kick taken by someone other than the identified player, the identified kicker engaging in unfair deception while taking the kick, and the goalkeeper moving off the goal line before the ball is in play. At all times, however, the referee is expected to distinguish between clear infringements of Law XIV and those which are merely doubtful or trifling.

If in fact a player does repeat an infringement of Law XIV on the same or a subsequent penalty kick, the referee must follow the same procedures as for first infringements, except that if play is stopped at any time during the process, the caution must be given before the restart. If play does not stop "naturally" for a goal, corner kick, goal kick, etc., the referee must stop the game, issue the caution, and then restart with an indirect free kick for the opposing team from the spot where the misconduct occurred (subject to the special circumstances described in Law VIII)

GOALKEEPER DEFLECTS BALL OVER GOAL LINE AND NOT INTO GOAL
If a teammate of the kicker infringes any requirements of Law XIV and a goal is not scored, but the goalkeeper saves the shot by deflecting the ball over the crossbar or outside the goal posts, the correct restart is an Indirect Free Kick for the defending team at the point of the infraction.